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1993-08-02
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Some Final Notes on the NetWare Asynch Router
TD.S.ARO10
July 20, 1993
NetWare Asynch Router
VERSION: All
SUPERSEDES: All Prior NetWare Asynch Router Documents
OVERVIEW
The NetWare Asynchronous Router was provided to NetWare LAN owners for
several years, both as a separate product and, with some versions of
NetWare, as a "free utility".
We realized several months ago that the code on which the NetWare Asynch
Router is based had become obsolete and we therefore, discontinued its
sale. In late March, 1993 free distribution was also discontinued.
We recognize that the Asynch Router served needs that many of our customers
find important.
- an external asynch IPX router
- An internal asynch IPX router
- An asynchronous ODI or IPX connection for remote workstations.
We are currently developing products which will meet those needs and will
offer them for sale in the not too distant future.
The Asynch Router was never robust nor fast.
- It is not recommended for mission critical applications.
- It is too slow to be practical for large file transfers.
- It is much too slow to be practical for remote use of applications.
That is, if you try to load an application from a remote site, so much
time will go by that you will think your computer has locked. For the
remote use of an application, products like Novell's Access server which
transmit only keystrokes and screen updates are recommended instead.
- NOTE: the Async Router can not run in a NetWare 3.x or NetWare 4.x
server. (internal router)
This document is:
- designed to provide a "do it yourself" primer for sites that already
have the Asynch Router and choose to continue to use it.
- based on the assumption that you already have either the:
- manual that came with a copy of Asynch Router that you purchased.
or
- manuals from a purchased copy of NetWare 3.11 or NetWare 2.2.
CONTENTS
I. Versions
II. Troubleshooting
A. Addressing
B. LAN F died
C. invalid ID string
D. Modems
III. Features
IV. Speed
V. Recommendations
VI. Router Installation
VII. Router Configuration
VIII. ODI Remote Workstation Installation
IX. Sample NET.CFG for remote ODI workstation
I. VERSIONS
Some versions are not compatible with other versions. It is important that
all of the NetWare Asynch Routers in your system be the same version.
If you are installing a different version of the Router on a PC that has
Asynch Router software already installed, you must delete the original
version and reboot the PC before you install the new software.
A. Problems in Early Versions
1. If two COMM ports were defined, errors occurred during the linking
process.
2. If two WNIM+ adapters were configured in the same router, IPX packets
were intermittently lost.
3. The "Timed Life Class" reported by LCONSOLE did not report the correct
time.
4. The Timed Life Class feature did not function if set for more than one
minute.
5. The modems sometimes did not reset after a disconnect.
6. Lconsole did not always reset the modems when dialing out.
B. Limitations in Later Versions (including the last)
- Protected Mode not available.
- Remote workstation support is available only if ODI is used.
- The Reset option of LCONSOLE does not operate correctly.
- You can set Idle Time Out only to one minute.
- When you configure an internal router with a WNIM+, the router will
abort if the modem fails or you are using a modem that is not supported.
- NetWare for the Macintosh is not supported across the Async Router.
- All WNIM+ ports must be at same baud rate.
- In the "Special Configuration" modem type, the "Modem Initialization
String" option is not supported. Characters entered into this field are
NOT sent to the modem.
C. Number of Communication Lines Supported
The final release of the Async Router supported a maximum of 9
communication lines (up to two WNIM+ four port adapters, and one COM port)
plus One LAN adapter.
II. TROUBLE SHOOTING
--------------------------------
A. ADDRESSING
Addressing mistakes are the main cause of problems.
- Starting with version 1.2 all LAN addresses (including internal IPX
addresses) MUST be unique. That is, all addresses, including the router
addresses, on both LAN must be selected as though the two LANs together
constitute a single LAN.
Duplicate addresses cause many varied symptoms. Whether the router only
acts a bit strangely or fails to operate at all, suspect a duplicate
address.
- Versions prior to 1.2 required the LAN address, only, on each side of
the router to be identical.
B. LAN F died
This error message means the connection was broken. The asynch router is
very sensitive to noise on the phone line. It is inevitable that you will
occasionally, and perhaps frequently, receive this error message.
C. INVALID ID STRING
If the Router fails to link and the error message "Invalid ID String"is
received please check the following:
1. When doing ACONFIG use the delete key to remove all ID strings and
passwords. The ID string field may contain undisplayed characters. To
be sure, hit the Delete key an extra time.
2. The modems may be receiving noise.
- Have the telephone company check the lines.
- Make certain the line does not have features like call waiting.
3. Try lowering the baud rate.
D. MODEMS
The router is very sensitive to modems.
1. Always use identical modems on both sides.
2. The router was designed when modems were much simpler than now. If
you try to improve the routers performance by using an advanced modem
with special features you are likely to end up with worse performance.
3. Data Compression tends to cause problems. Be prepared to disable Data
Compression.
4. Version 1.2 of the router supported modems from Hayes, US Robotics,
Telebit, and Ventel at speeds up to 9600bps. If such support is
available, V.32 modems are recommended as a first choice.
5. If you are using a version earlier than 1.2, you must use a modem
which is FULLY Hayes compatible.
6. Be wary of the term "Hayes Compatible", it has very limited meaning at
speeds over 2400bps. Failure to set for Basic Hayes type responses could
cause the router to hang.
7. Do not try to use modems that are not listed on the menu.
8. MNP Modem Configuration
When using modems that support MNP protocols, the modem response codes
should be set to Basic, not Extended.
Example setting: Microcom: ATX0
9. If you selected "Hayes Compatible" and the connection fails to
establish the modems may not be returning true Hayes codes.
- They may not be set up properly.
- Although "Hayes Compatible" they may not be able to do this.
IV. SPEED
- The absolute top speed of the router with a WNIM+ board is 19.2kbps.
- The absolute top speed of the router without a WNIM+ board is 9600bps.
- Even with a WNIM+, speeds BETWEEN 9600 and 19.2 are not available.
(therefore 14.4 is not available)
- Actual throughput will vary with line quality and hardware.
V. RECOMMENDATIONS
A. The router works most efficiently if a WNIM+ communication adapter is
used. There is no other compatible communication adapter.
WNIM+ boards are also compatible with Novell's NACS and Access Server
products.
B. We recommend an external dedicated router for optimum performance. You
may use the PC as a nondedicated external router and also as a workstation
on the LAN, but if you do so, you may not have sufficient memory to run
applications on the workstation. The router software (ROUTER.EXE) takes up
to 350KB of RAM, NET3 takes up about 20KB, and DOS takes up 40 to 60 KB, so
as little as 170KB may be available for applications.
C. For an internal router (one installed in a file server), we recommend a
minimum of 4MB of RAM. The asynch router can be run as an internal router
in NetWare 2.x file servers. However, we do not recommend internal asynch
routers because the router is like to hang and cause the file server to
lock.
THE INFORMATION BELOW APPLIES TO THE LATER VERSIONS
The router PC should meet the following minimum requirements:
o Minimum of 512K RAM for a dedicated external router (real mode)
o Minimum of 640K RAM for a nondedicated external router (real mode)
o Minimum of 1MB RAM for a dedicated external router (protected mode)
NOTE: Protected mode not available in latest versions.
VI. ROUTER INSTALLATION
1. Copy the router files to a directory called LAN_DRV_190 or to a
diskette with the volume label LAN_DRV_190.
2. *ACONFIG, ROUTER.EXE, and NACSLOAD.BIN must be together in a
directory. *(ARCONFIG in early versions)
3. Copy LCONSOLE.EXE and the files it needs to operate properly
($V11.OVL, ERR$V11.DAT, HELP$V11.DAT, IBM$V11.OVL, LCONSOLE.HLP, and
MSG$V11.DAT) to a directory available to LAN users (for example, PUBLIC).
4. Generate the Router.
VII. ROUTER CONFIGURATION
A. After generating the router, configure it using ACONFIG (prior to
Version 1.2, ARCONFIG). We suggest that you configure the Router on a 12Mh
or slower machine but move it to a faster machine for actual operation. If
you receive a Configuration Error run DCONFIG ROUTER.EXE to check the
parameters and addressing. Then use DCONFIG to make any required
corrections.
1. For an External Router
Run ACONFIG from where you ran LAN_DRV_190. The path to ROUTER.EXE must
be less than 30 characters.
a. Copy NACSLOAD.BIN to the same directory as ROUTER.EXE.
b. Go to the directory containing ACONFIG
c. *Type ACONFIG drive\pathname\ROUTER.EXE <enter>
2. For an Internal Router
a. Copy NACSLOAD.BIN to the SYS:SYSTEM directory
b. Go into the servers System directory and Flag NET$OS.EXE,
Shareable, Read, Write (SRW).
c. *Type ACONFIG NET$OS.EXE <enter>
In both cases you will then get a PLEASE WAIT for several seconds.
* NOTE: Speeds above 2400 BPS without a WNIM card are not supported.
However, if you want to try 9600BPS and your computer has a 16550 UART it
is possible that you will be successful. In order to configure for speeds
over 2400 through a Comm port type:
ACONFIG ROUTER.EXE F
or
ACONFIG NET$OS.EXE F
Instead of ACONFIG ROUTER.EXE
or
ACONFIG NET$OS.EXE
B. Then proceed through the ACONFIG menu configuring EACH router and EACH
line for EACH driver selected during the router generation process.
NOTE: Spaces may not be used in the Router Server name.
NOTE: For an External Router each WNIM board or Com port must have a
unique name.
NOTE: All ports on a WNIM Board must be configured for the same Bits
Per Second (BPS) rate.
NOTE: The ID string must be EXACTLY the same as you will specify in
LCONSOLE. (It is Case Sensitive) If you will not be specifying one
in LCONSOLE it is VERY important that you not enter anything into this
data field.
NOTE: Select modem type "NONE" if you have a leased line.
NOTE: This version of the software allows you to change the Modem
Initialization String.
NOTE: The WNIM must be the last LAN adapter configured in the router.
NOTE: If you are using a US Robotics V.32 modem:
- Choose US Robotics HST from the menu.
- Change the modem initialization string from B1 to B0 and S13=32
to S34=7.
C. Then escape out and save.
D. Reboot the Router.
E. If it is an Internal router change the Flag for NET$OS.EXE to Read Only.
VIII. ODI Remote Workstation Installation
NOTE: If your Asynch Router includes IPXODI.COM you can create an ODI
remote workstation.
If your Asynch Router includes SCOM.OBJ you can create an IPX remote
workstation.
1. Create a directory containing:
LSL.COM
NARS.COM
IPXODI.COM
NETX.COM
NET.CFG
2. NET.CFG is an ASCII file which will contain the configuration
information. We have provided a sample NET.CFG which you should modify
according to the needs of your environment.
NET.CFG must contain two headings
Link Support
Link Driver NARD
Under "Link Support" two statements are to be indented:
Buffers
MemPool
Under "Link Driver NARD" the following statements are to be indented:
Frame Ethernet_802.3
Protocol IPX 0 Ethernet_802.3
int #1 [interrupt level]
port #1 [port address]
other router id [astring]
My Workstation Name [aname]
baud rate [comm port speed in bits per second]
modem type [a number from the table below]
modem initialization string
hardware flow control [0 or 1, see below]
dial prefix [string to start dialing]
dial number [the number to be dialed]
Explanation
Frame Ethernet_802.3 and Protocol IPX 0 Ethernet_802.3
At the present time IPX Ethernet 802.3 is the only protocol that should be
used across the asynch router line. You should specify this even though
the rest of your topology is Token Ring or Arcnet.
int #1
Sets the Interrupt for port number 1.
For Comm 1 int #1 4
For Comm 2 int #1 2
For Comm 3 int #1 [specify the number of the next available interrupt]
For Comm 4 int #1 [specify the number of the next available interrupt]
port #1
A hex number specifying the COM port for port #1.
For COM1 port #1 3f8
For COM2 port #1 2f8
For COM3 port #1 [specify the I/O address of the next available port]
For COM4 port #1 [specify the I/O address of the next available port]
NOTE: Only one port can be specified (used) at a time.
other router ID
The ID string for the router on the other side of the line, if it has an id
string.
The maximum length is 10 characters and spaces.
If you receive the error message "Invalid ID String" try deleting this
field and the id string on the other side.
my workstation name
Any name up to a maximum of 48 characters and spaces.
BAUD RATE
The rate in bits per second that the comm port will be running at. The
rate must be at least 1200 and not more than 19200. For US Robotics V32 or
MultiModems by specifying 19200 bps you will be setting the maximum speed
between the comm port and modem but the two modems will negotiate the best
attainable speeds between one another.
MODEM TYPE
None (direct connect) 0
Hayes and compatibles 1
Telebit Ven\Tel PEP 2
Special Configuration 3
US Robotics Courier V32 4
US Robotics Courier 24PS 5
Multimodem V32 6
modem initialization string
- maximum length of the string is 46 characters.
- minimum length of the string is 0 (direct connect).
Suggested modem initialization strings:
Hayes and Hayes compatibles ATV0E0S0=1X1
Telebit ATV0E0S0=1S58=2S66=1 (for 9600 bps)
US Robotics Courier V.32 ATE0&H1&R2&B1&M4V0Q0X1&A0S0=1S13=32
US Robotics Courier 24PS AT&B5VX1Q&AE&H1&R2&I&C1&D2
MultiModem ATEQV&QX4&E1&E4&E7&E10&E13&E15$BA$A1
(for MultiModem "Reliable Mode" and "Compression On" )
hardware flow control
1 for yes
0 for no
dial prefix
the string to start dialing
- maximum length is 40 characters
- this field MUST be filled out if the driver is to initiate the
connection. It should "Remmed Out" for a direct connection.
- Suggested prefix strings
AT&R&C1DT for MultiModem for reliable and compression on
ATV0DT for the other modems
dial number
- the phone number to call
- maximum length is 40 characters
- Use a comma for a pause
- this field MUST be filled out if this driver is to initiate the
connection. It should be "Remmed Out" for a direct connection.
2. TO LOAD
Type at the command line
LSL
NARS
IPXODI
NETX
3. TO UNLOAD
Unload in the reverse order of loading by typing at the command line:
NET3 U
IPXODI U
NARS U
4. To RELOAD if the Connection fails
Unload NETX, IPXODI, and NARS (see above)
Then Type
NARS
IPXODI
NETX
IX. Sample NET.CFG for Remote ODI workstation
Link Support
Buffers 8 1586
MemPool 4096
Link Driver NARD
Frame Ethernet_802.3
Protocol IPX 0 Ethernet_802.3
my workstation name orca
int #1 4
port #1 3f8
baud rate in bps 19200
modem type 6
modem initialization string ateqv&qx4&e1&e4&e7&e10&e13&e15$ba$a1
hardware flow control 0
dial prefix at&r&c1dt
dial number 9,8005551212
Note: See your NetWare manual for information regarding Buffers, Mempool
and other available NET.CFG parameters.